Indonesia Overview
Indonesia is the largest archipelago in the world, comprising five main islands - Java, Sumatra, Sulawesi, Kalimantan, and Irian Jaya - as well as some 30 smaller archipelagoes totaling 13,667 islands, of which approximately 6,000 are inhabited. Indonesia has a population of about 220 million, making it the fourth largest in the world.
| Type of government |
: |
Republic |
| Capital |
: |
Jakarta |
| Independence |
: |
17 August 1945 |
| Location |
: |
Southeastern Asia, archipelago between the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean |
| Area |
|
|
| Total |
: |
1,919,440 sqkm |
| Water |
: |
93,000 sqkm
|
| Land |
: |
1,826,400 sqkm |
| Comparative area |
: |
about six times the size of Germany |
| Land boundaries |
|
|
| Total |
: |
2,830 km |
| Bordering Countries |
|
|
| East-Timor |
: |
228 km |
| Malaysia |
: |
1,782 km |
| Papua New Guinea |
: |
820 km |
| Coastline |
: |
54,716 km |
| Climate |
: |
Tropical, hot, humid; more moderate in highlands |
| Land use |
: |
Arable land: 9.9%, permanent crops: 7.2%, meadows and pastures: 7%, other: 82.9%
Irrigated land: 48,150 sqkm (1998 est.) |
| Natural resources |
: |
Petroleum, tin, natural gas, nickel, timber, bauxite, copper, fertile soils, coal, gold and silver. |
| Population |
: |
219,900,000 (2003 est.) |
| Ethnic groups |
: |
Javanese 45%, Sundanese 14%, Madurese 7.5%, coastal Malays 7.5%, Chinese 5%, other 21% |
| Religions |
: |
Muslim 88%, Protestant 5%, Roman Catholic 3%, Hindu 2%, Buddhist 1%, other 1% (1998) |
| Languages |
: |
Bahasa Indonesia (modified form of Malay; official), English, local dialects of which the most widely spoken is Javanese. |
| International Agreements |
: |
Party to - Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species,
Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection,
Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands; signed, but
not ratified: Climate Change -Kyoto Protocol, Marine Life Conservation
|
| International
organization participation |
: |
APEC,
ARF, AsDB, ASEAN, CP, ESCAP, FAO, G-15, G-19, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC,
ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM
(observer), ISO, ITU, MONUC, NAM, OIC, OPCW, OPEC, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO,
UNIDO, UNIKOM, UNMIBH, UNMOP, UNMOT, UNOMIG, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO,
WMO, WToO, WtrO
|
| Exports |
: |
US$
73.495,2 billion (f.o.b., 2007)
|
| Export
Commodities |
: |
oil
and gas, electrical appliances, plywood, textiles, rubber
|
| Export
Partners |
: |
Japan
21.1%, USA 13.2%, Singapore 9.4%, South Korea 7.2%, China 5.1%, Taiwan
3.6%, Australia 3.4%, Germany 2.2%
|
| Imports |
: |
US$
46.984,4 billion (f.o.b., Aug 2007)
|
| Import
Commodities |
: |
machinery and equipment, chemicals, fuels, foodstuffs
|
| Import
Partners |
: |
Japan
14,1%, Singapore 13,1%, USA 8,4%,
China 7,8%, South Korea 5,3%, Australia 5,1%, Germany 3,9%, Taiwan 3,2%
|
| Railways |
: |
6,458 km
|
| Highways |
: |
342,700 km |
| Waterways |
|
|
| Total |
: |
21.579
km |
| Sumatra |
: |
5.471 km |
| Java and Madura |
: |
820 km |
| Kalimantan |
: |
10.460 km |
| Sulawesi |
: |
241 km |
| Irian Jaya |
: |
4.587
km |
| Ports |
: |
Cilacap,
Cirebon, Jakarta, Kupang, Palembang, Semarang, Surabaya, Makassar
|
| Airports |
: |
631
(2002)
|
| Radio
broadcast stations |
: |
678
AM stations, 43 FM stations, 82 shortwave stations |
| Television
broadcast stations |
: |
41 |
Motivation Words
Disadari atau tidak, kita pasti berubah, entah menjadi lebih baik atau lebih buruk.
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